U.S. President Donald Trump has directed the U.S. military to resume nuclear weapons testing after a 33-year hiatus. Trump revealed this decision on his social media platform, Truth Social, while en route to meet Chinese President Xi Jinping in South Korea for trade talks. The President emphasized the need for the U.S. to test its nuclear arsenal in parity with other nuclear-capable nations following Russia’s recent testing of a Poseidon nuclear-powered super torpedo.
Trump’s move to restart nuclear testing comes amidst China’s significant expansion of its nuclear weapons stockpile, which has doubled in size to an estimated 600 weapons in 2025 from 300 in 2020. The U.S. Department of Defense projects that China may possess over 1,000 nuclear weapons by 2030, with recent displays of nuclear capabilities capable of reaching the U.S. mainland.
China, in response, urged the U.S. to adhere to the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty and uphold its commitment to halt nuclear testing. Trump defended his decision, citing the necessity for the U.S. to match its nuclear capabilities with global competitors. Despite concerns about escalating nuclear tensions, Trump expressed openness to denuclearization talks with Russia and potentially China.
The Arms Control Association data indicates that the U.S. and Russia possess significant nuclear arsenals, with Russia showcasing advanced nuclear capabilities, including the Poseidon super torpedo. Trump’s announcement has stirred controversy, with critics warning of potential adverse effects on global nuclear disarmament efforts and agreements. The President’s push for nuclear arms control discussions with Russia and China had been previously disclosed, emphasizing the need for mutual limitations on nuclear stockpiles.